The large thorny catfishes, such as Pterodoras granulosus, Oxydoras niger and Centrodoras brachiatus share several karyotype features, with subtle variations only regarding their heterochromatin distribution. Some exceptions were found in Trachydoras paraguayensis (2n=56), Trachydoras steindachneri (2n=60), Ossancora punctata (2n=66) and Platydoras hancockii whose karyotypes showed a multiple NOR system. Our ancestral reconstruction recovered that 2n=58 chromosomes and simple nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) are ancestral features only for Wertheimerinae and the most clades of Doradinae. Here, we analyzed seven Doradinae species using combined methods (e.g., cytogenetic tools and Mesquite ancestral reconstruction software) in order to scrutinize the processes that mediated the karyotype diversification in this subfamily. westermanni and features a discussion of genomic diversification.ĭoradinae (Siluriformes: Doradidae) is the most species-rich subfamily among thorny catfishes, encompassing over 77 valid species, found mainly in Amazon and Platina hydrographic basins. This report shows plasticity in the chromosomal localization of repeat DNA in B.

Silver nitrate staining in interphase nuclei provided indirect evidence of the expression of these rRNA genes in B chromosomes, indicating the probable origin of these elements. In addition, 3 of the 4 B chromosomes also contained 45S rDNA copies. The 45S rDNA sites were detected in the terminal region of pair 27 these sites corresponded to a GC-rich heterochromatin block. The telomeric probe revealed no signs of chromosomal rearrangements in the genome of B.

The (GATA)n sequence was dispersed throughout the autosomes and B chromosomes, with clusters (microsatellite accumulation) in some chromosome regions. Histone sequences were also located in chromosome pair 14. The 5S rDNA was localized in pairs 1 and 5, and histone probes (H1, H3, and H4) and U2 small nuclear RNA were syntenic with 5S rDNA in pair 5. This species exhibited 2n = 56 chromosomes, with intra- and interindividual variation in the number of heterochromatic B chromosomes (from 0 to 4). The occurrence of repetitive DNA in autosomes and B chromosomes of Bergiaria westermanni was examined using conventional and molecular cytogenetic techniques.

Porthole catfish